Topic Navigator

Noun Tree | Nouns Groups | Verb Groups | Search

noun.substance

1 - 200 of 2983 results next

• substance
  material of a particular kind or constitution
• chemistry
  the chemical composition and properties of a substance or object
• material, stuff
  the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object
• ylem
  (cosmology) the original matter that (according to the big bang theory) existed before the formation of the chemical elements
• dark matter
  (cosmology) a hypothetical form of matter that is believed to make up 90 percent of the universe
• antimatter
  matter consisting of elementary particles that are the antiparticles of those making up normal substances
• micronutrient
  a substance needed only in small amounts for normal body function (e.g., vitamins or minerals)
• elixir, philosopher's stone, philosophers' stone
  hypothetical substance that the alchemists believed to be capable of changing base metals into gold
• precursor
  a substance from which another substance is formed (especially by a metabolic reaction)
• phlogiston
  a hypothetical substance once believed to be present in all combustible materials and to be released during burning
• chyme
  a semiliquid mass of partially digested food that passes from the stomach through the pyloric sphincter into the duodenum
• glop
  any gummy shapeless matter
• impurity, dross
  worthless or dangerous material that should be removed
• acceptor
  (chemistry) in the formation of a coordinate bond it is the compound to which electrons are donated
• adduct
  a compound formed by an addition reaction
• actinoid, actinide, actinon
  any of a series of radioactive elements with atomic numbers 89 through 103
• allergen
  any substance that can cause an allergy
• assay
  a substance that is undergoing an analysis of its components
• pyrogen, pyrectic
  any substance that can cause a rise in body temperature
• pyrogen
  any substance characterized by its great flammability
• aldehyde
  any of a class of highly reactive chemical compounds
• alkapton, alcapton, homogentisic acid
  an acid formed as an intermediate product of the metabolism of tyrosine and phenylalanine
• antiknock
  any of various compounds that are added to gasoline to reduce engine knocking
• ragweed pollen
  pollen of the ragweed plant is a common allergen
• speck, corpuscle, particle, atom, molecule, mote
  (nontechnical usage) a tiny piece of anything
• ammunition
  any nuclear or chemical or biological material that can be used as a weapon of mass destruction
• floccule, floc
  a small loosely aggregated mass of flocculent material suspended in or precipitated from a liquid
• HAZMAT
  an abbreviation for `hazardous material' used on warning signs
• mixture
  (chemistry) a substance consisting of two or more substances mixed together (not in fixed proportions and not with chemical bonding)
• alloy, metal
  a mixture containing two or more metallic elements or metallic and nonmetallic elements usually fused together or dissolving into each other when molten
• botulinum toxin
  any of several neurotoxins that are produced by the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium botulinum
• botulinum toxin A, Botox
  a neurotoxin (trade name Botox) that is used clinically in small quantities to treat strabismus and facial spasms and other neurological disorders characterized by abnormal muscle contractions
• colloid
  a mixture with properties between those of a solution and fine suspension
• composition
  a mixture of ingredients
• dispersed phase, dispersed particles
  (of colloids) a substance in the colloidal state
• dispersing phase, dispersion medium, dispersing medium
  (of colloids) a substance in which another is colloidally dispersed
• mechanical mixture
  a mixture whose components can be separated by mechanical means
• eutectic
  a mixture of substances having a minimum melting point
• solution
  a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances
• aqueous solution
  a solution in water
• Ringer's solution, Ringer solution
  an aqueous solution containing the chlorides of sodium and potassium and calcium that is isotonic to animal tissues
• saline solution, saline
  an isotonic solution of sodium chloride and distilled water
• polyelectrolyte
  an electrolyte of high molecular weight
• gel, colloidal gel
  a colloid in a more solid form than a sol
• hydrogel
  a colloidal gel in which water is the dispersion medium
• sol, colloidal solution, colloidal suspension
  a colloid that has a continuous liquid phase in which a solid is suspended in a liquid
• hydrocolloid
  a substance that forms a gel with water
• suspension
  a mixture in which fine particles are suspended in a fluid where they are supported by buoyancy
• slurry
  a suspension of insoluble particles (as plaster of Paris or lime or clay etc.) usually in water
• resuspension
  a renewed suspension of insoluble particles after they have been precipitated
• precipitate
  a precipitated solid substance in suspension or after settling or filtering
• sludge
  the precipitate produced by sewage treatment
• domoic acid
  a neurotoxin that is deadly for humans
• acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, ABS
  any of a class of composite plastics used to make car bodies and cases for computers and other appliances
• Mylar
  a thin polyester film
• pina cloth
  a fine cloth made from pineapple fibers
• Plasticine
  a synthetic material resembling clay but remaining soft
• plastic
  generic name for certain synthetic or semisynthetic materials that can be molded or extruded into objects or films or filaments or used for making e.g. coatings and adhesives
• plasticizer, plasticiser
  a substance added to plastics or other materials to make them more pliable
• thermoplastic, thermoplastic resin
  a material that softens when heated and hardens again when cooled
• saran
  any of various thermoplastic resins used to make things
• acrylic, acrylic resin, acrylate resin
  a glassy thermoplastic
• polymethyl methacrylate
  a transparent plastic used as a substitute for glass
• Lucite, Perspex
  a transparent thermoplastic acrylic resin
• Plexiglas, plexiglass
  a light transparent weather resistant thermoplastic
• polyethylene, polythene
  a lightweight thermoplastic
• acetyl, acetyl group, acetyl radical, ethanoyl group, ethanoyl radical
  the organic group of acetic acid (CH3CO-)
• acyl, acyl group
  any group or radical of the form RCO- where R is an organic group
• aggregate
  material such as sand or gravel used with cement and water to make concrete, mortar, or plaster
• alcohol group, alcohol radical
  the chemical group -OH
• aldehyde group, aldehyde radical
  the chemical group -CHO
• polyvinyl acetate, PVA
  a vinyl polymer used especially in paints or adhesives
• PVC, polyvinyl chloride
  a polymer of vinyl chloride used instead of rubber in electric cables
• styrene, cinnamene, phenylethylene, vinylbenzene
  a colorless oily liquid
• polystyrene
  a polymer of styrene
• Styrofoam
  a light resilient foam of polystyrene
• thermosetting compositions, thermosetting resin
  a material that hardens when heated and cannot be remolded
• Bakelite
  a thermosetting plastic used as electric insulators and for making plastic ware and telephone receivers etc.
• Teflon, polytetrafluoroethylene
  a material used to coat cooking utensils and in industrial applications where sticking is to be avoided
• Vinylite
  any of various vinyl resins
• staple, raw material
  material suitable for manufacture or use or finishing
• feedstock
  the raw material that is required for some industrial process
• sorbate
  a material that has been or is capable of being taken up by another substance by either absorption or adsorption
• sorbent, sorbent material
  a material that sorbs another substance
• absorbent material, absorbent
  a material having capacity or tendency to absorb another substance
• absorbate
  a material that has been or is capable of being absorbed
• sponge
  a porous mass of interlacing fibers that forms the internal skeleton of various marine animals and usable to absorb water or any porous rubber or cellulose product similarly used
• absorber
  (physics) material in a nuclear reactor that absorbs radiation
• absorbent cotton
  cotton made absorbent by removal of the natural wax
• absorption indicator
  an indicator used in reactions that involve precipitation
• adsorbent, adsorbent material
  a material having capacity or tendency to adsorb another substance
• adsorbate
  a material that has been or is capable of being adsorbed
• acaricide, acaracide
  a chemical agent used to kill mites
• acaroid resin, accaroid resin, accroides, accroides resin, accroides gum, gum accroides
  an alcohol-soluble resin from Australian trees
• acetic acid, ethanoic acid
  a colorless pungent liquid widely used in manufacturing plastics and pharmaceuticals
• acetin
  any of three liquid acetates that are formed when acetic acid and glycerin are heated together
• acetum
  a dilute solution of acetic acid that is used as a solvent (e.g. for a drug)
• acetate, ethanoate
  a salt or ester of acetic acid
• dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, DDT
  an insecticide that is also toxic to animals and humans
• larvacide
  an insecticide that kills the larvae of insects
• lead arsenate
  a poisonous white solid (Pb3[AsO4]2) used as an insecticide
• tetraethyl lead, lead tetraethyl
  a clear oily poisonous liquid added to gasoline to prevent knocking
• acetone, propanone, dimethyl ketone
  the simplest ketone
• acetylene, ethyne, alkyne
  a colorless flammable gas used chiefly in welding and in organic synthesis
• adobe
  the clay from which adobe bricks are made
• Agent Orange
  a herbicide used in the Vietnam War to defoliate forest areas
• alicyclic compound
  an aliphatic compound that contains a ring of atoms
• aliphatic compound
  organic compound that is an alkane or alkene or alkyne or their derivative
• alkylbenzene
  organic compound that has an alkyl group bound to a benzene ring
• alkyl halide, haloalkane
  organic compound in which halogen atoms have been substituted for hydrogen atoms in an alkane
• amino acid, aminoalkanoic acid
  organic compounds containing an amino group and a carboxylic acid group
• alanine
  a crystalline amino acid that occurs in many proteins
• argil
  a white clay (especially a white clay used by potters)
• arsenical
  a pesticide or drug containing arsenic
• asparagine
  a crystalline amino acid found in proteins and in many plants (e.g., asparagus)
• aspartic acid
  a crystalline amino acid found in proteins and occurring naturally in sugar beets and sugar cane
• canavanine
  an amino acid found in the jack bean
• chlorobenzene
  a colorless volatile flammable liquid with an almond odor that is made from chlorine and benzene
• chlorofluorocarbon, CFC
  a fluorocarbon with chlorine
• chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile, CS gas
  a tear gas that is stronger than CN gas but wears off faster
• chloroacetophenone, CN gas
  a tear gas that is weaker than CS gas but lasts longer
• citrate
  a salt or ester of citric acid
• citrulline
  an amino acid that does not occur in proteins but is an intermediate in the conversion of ornithine to arginine
• cysteine
  an amino acid containing sulfur that is found in most proteins
• cystine
  a crystalline amino acid found in proteins (especially keratin)
• diamagnet
  a substance that exhibits diamagnetism
• diamine
  any organic compound containing two amino groups
• dopa, dihydroxyphenylalanine
  amino acid that is formed in the liver and converted into dopamine in the brain
• L-dopa, levodopa, Bendopa, Brocadopa, Larodopa
  the levorotatory form of dopa (trade names Bendopa and Brocadopa and Larodopa)
• endonuclease
  a nuclease that cleaves nucleic acids at interior bonds and so produces fragments of various sizes
• enol
  an organic compound that contains a hydroxyl group bonded to a carbon atom which in turn is doubly bonded to another carbon atom
• essential amino acid
  an amino acid that is required by animals but that they cannot synthesize
• exonuclease
  a nuclease that releases one nucleotide at a time (serially) beginning at one of a nucleic acid
• gamma aminobutyric acid, GABA
  an amino acid that is found in the central nervous system
• glutamic acid, glutaminic acid
  an amino acid occurring in proteins
• glutamine
  a crystalline amino acid occurring in proteins
• glutathione peroxidase
  an enzyme in the body that is a powerful scavenger of free radicals
• glycine
  the simplest amino acid found in proteins and the principal amino acid in sugar cane
• hydroxyproline
  a crystalline amino acid obtained from gelatin or collagen
• iodoamino acid
  an amino acid with iodine added
• ornithine
  an amino acid that does not occur in proteins but is important in the formation of urea
• acid
  any of various water-soluble compounds having a sour taste and capable of turning litmus red and reacting with a base to form a salt
• acid-base indicator
  an indicator that changes color on going from acidic to basic solutions
• alpha-linolenic acid
  a polyunsaturated fatty acid with 18 carbon atoms
• alpha-naphthol
  an isomer of naphthol used in dyes
• alpha-naphthol test, Molisch's test, Molisch test, Molisch reaction
  biochemical indicator of the presence of carbohydrates in a solution
• aromatic compound
  a hydrocarbon containing one or more benzene rings that are characteristic of the benzene series of compounds
• arsenate
  a salt or ester of arsenic acid
• arsenic acid
  an acid formed from arsenic pentoxide
• arsenide
  a compound of arsenic with a more positive element
• cerotic acid, hexacosanoic acid
  a white solid fatty acid found in waxes (such as beeswax)
• chlorate
  any salt of chloric acid
• chloric acid
  (HClO3) a strong unstable acid with an acrid odor found in chlorate salts
• chlorous acid
  (HClO2) a strongly oxidizing acid
• monobasic acid
  an acid containing only one replaceable hydrogen atom per molecule
• dibasic acid
  an acid containing two replaceable hydrogen atoms per molecule
• dibasic salt
  a salt derived by replacing two hydrogen atoms per molecule
• tribasic acid
  an acid containing three replaceable hydrogen atoms per molecule
• tritium
  a radioactive isotope of hydrogen
• tetrabasic acid
  an acid containing four replaceable hydrogen atoms per molecule
• fulminic acid
  (CNOH) an unstable acid occurring mainly in the form of explosive salts and esters that is isomeric with cyanic acid
• gamma acid
  a crystalline acid used to make azo dyes
• heavy metal
  a metal of relatively high density (specific gravity greater than about 5) or of high relative atomic weight (especially one that is poisonous like mercury or lead)
• hexanedioic acid, adipic acid
  a carboxylic acid used in the manufacture of nylon
• HMG-CoA reductase, 5-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase
  a liver enzyme that is responsible for producing cholesterol
• horseradish peroxidase
  an enzyme used in immunohistochemistry to label antigens and their antibodies
• hydrazoic acid, azoimide, hydrogen azide, HN
  a colorless explosive liquid that is volatile and poisonous and foul-smelling
• hydriodic acid
  (HI) a colorless or yellow aqueous solution of hydrogen iodide
• hydrochlorofluorocarbon, HCFC
  a fluorocarbon that is replacing chlorofluorocarbon as a refrigerant and propellant in aerosol cans
• hydrogen cyanide
  a highly poisonous gas or volatile liquid that smells like bitter almonds
• hydrocyanic acid, prussic acid
  a solution of hydrogen cyanide in water
• hydrolysate
  a product of hydrolysis
• hydroxy acid
  any acid that has hydroxyl groups in addition to the hydroxyl group in the acid itself
• hydroxybenzoic acid
  a crystalline derivative of benzoic acid
• hypochlorite
  any salt or ester of hypochlorous acid
• hyponitrous acid
  an explosive white crystalline weak acid (H2N2O2)
• hypophosphoric acid
  a crystalline tetrabasic acid (H4P2O6)
• hypophosphorous acid, phosphorous acid, orthophosphorous acid
  a clear or yellow monobasic acid (H3PO2)
• juniperic acid
  a crystalline acid found in the exudations of some conifers
• lysergic acid
  a crystalline acid often used in medical research
• manganic acid
  a dibasic acid (H2MnO4) found only in solution and in manganate salts
• metaphosphoric acid
  a glassy solid acid ([HPO3]n) often used as a dehydrating agent
• polyphosphoric acid
  a series of oxyacids of phosphorus
• pyrogallol, pyrogallic acid
  a toxic white lustrous crystalline phenol used to treat certain skin diseases and as a photographic developer
• pyrophosphoric acid
  a solid acid formed by reactions of orthophosphoric acid
• pyrophosphate
  a salt or ester of pyrophosphoric acid
• methacrylic acid, 2-methylpropenoic acid
  an unsaturated acid (C4H6O2) used to make resins and plastics
• mucic acid
  a solid acid (C6H10O8) found in milk or sugar
• selenic acid
  a strong acid (H2SeO4) analogous to sulfuric acid
• suberic acid, octanedioic acid
  a dicarboxylic acid found in cork
• succinic acid
  a dicarboxylic acid (C4H6O4) active in metabolic processes
• sulfonate
  a salt of sulphonic acid
• sulfonic acid, sulphonic acid
  an acid derived from sulphuric acid
• titanic acid
  a white weak acid that is a hydrated form of titanium dioxide
• titanium dioxide, titanium oxide, titanic oxide, titania
  a white powder used as a pigment for its high covering power and durability
• adulterator, adulterant
  any substance that lessens the purity or effectiveness of a substance
• alkyl, alkyl group, alkyl radical
  any of a series of univalent groups of the general formula CnH2n+1 derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons
• allyl, allyl group, allyl radical
  the univalent unsaturated organic radical C3H5
• amino, amino group
  the radical -NH2
• aminomethane
  a methyl with the hydrogen atom replaced by an amino radical