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- Robinson, James Harvey Robinson
United States historian who stressed the importance of intellectual and social events for the course of history (1863-1936) - Robinson, Lennox Robinson, Esme Stuart Lennox Robinson
Irish playwright and theater manager in Dublin (1886-1958) - Robinson, Ray Robinson, Sugar Ray Robinson, Walker Smith
United States prizefighter who won the world middleweight championship five times and the world welterweight championship once (1921-1989) - Robinson, Robert Robinson, Sir Robert Robinson
English chemist noted for his studies of molecular structures in plants (1886-1975) - Rochambeau, Comte de Rochambeau, Jean Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur
French general who commanded French troops in the American Revolution, notably at Yorktown (1725-1807) - Rock, John Rock
United States gynecologist and devout Catholic who conducted the first clinical trials of the oral contraceptive pill (1890-1984) - Rockefeller, John D. Rockefeller, John Davison Rockefeller
United States industrialist who made a fortune in the oil business and gave half of it away (1839-1937) - Rockingham, Second Marquis of Rockingham, Charles Watson-Wentworth
English statesman who served as prime minister and who opposed the war with the American colonies (1730-1782) - Rockwell, Norman Rockwell
United States illustrator whose works present a sentimental idealized view of everyday life (1894-1978) - Rodgers, Richard Rodgers
United States composer of musical comedies (especially in collaboration with Oscar Hammerstein II and with Lorenz Hart) (1902-1979) - Rodin, Auguste Rodin, Francois Auguste Rene Rodin
French sculptor noted for his renderings of the human form (1840-1917) - Roebling, John Roebling, John Augustus Roebling
United States engineer (born in Germany) who designed and began construction of the Brooklyn bridge (1806-1869) - Roentgen, Wilhelm Konrad Roentgen, Rontgen, Wilhelm Konrad Rontgen
German physicist who discovered x-rays and developed roentgenography (1845-1923) - Rogers, Carl Rogers
United States psychologist who developed client-centered therapy (1902-1987) - Rogers, Ginger Rogers, Virginia McMath, Virginia Katherine McMath
United States dancer and film actress who partnered with Fred Astaire (1911-1995) - Rogers, Will Rogers, William Penn Adair Rogers
United States humorist remembered for his homespun commentary on politics and American society (1879-1935) - Roget, Peter Mark Roget
English physician who in retirement compiled a well-known thesaurus (1779-1869) - Rollo, Rolf, Hrolf
Norse chieftain who became the first duke of Normandy (860-931) - Romberg, Sigmund Romberg
United States composer (born in Hungary) who composed operettas (1887-1951) - Rommel, Erwin Rommel, Desert Fox
German field marshal noted for brilliant generalship in North Africa during World War II (1891-1944) - Roosevelt, Theodore Roosevelt, President Roosevelt, President Theodore Roosevelt
26th President of the United States - Roosevelt, President Roosevelt, Franklin Roosevelt, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, F. D. Roosevelt, President Franklin Roosevelt, FDR
32nd President of the United States - Roosevelt, Eleanor Roosevelt, Anna Eleanor Roosevelt
wife of Franklin Roosevelt and a strong advocate of human rights (1884-1962) - Ross, Betsy Ross, Betsy Griscom Ross
American seamstress said to have made the first American flag at the request of George Washington (1752-1836) - Ross, Nellie Ross, Nellie Tayloe Ross
a politician in Wyoming who was the first woman governor in the United States (1876-1977) - Ross, Sir Ronald Ross
British physician who discovered that mosquitos transmit malaria (1857-1932) - Ross, James Clark Ross, Sir James Clark Ross
British explorer of the Arctic and Antarctic - Ross, John Ross, Sir John Ross
Scottish explorer who led Arctic expeditions that yielded geographic discoveries while searching for the Northwest Passage (1777-1856) - Rossetti, Dante Gabriel Rossetti
English poet and painter who was a leader of the Pre-Raphaelites (1828-1882) - Rossini, Giloacchino Antonio Rossini
Italian composer remembered for his operas (1792-1868) - Rostand, Edmond Rostand
French dramatist and poet whose play immortalized Cyrano de Bergerac (1868-1918) - Roth, Philip Roth, Philip Milton Roth
United States writer whose novels portray middle-class Jewish life (born in 1933) - Rothko, Mark Rothko
United States abstract painter (born in Russia) whose paintings are characterized by horizontal bands of color with indistinct boundaries (1903-1970) - Rothschild
any of family of powerful Jewish bankers in Europe - Rous, Peyton Rous, Francis Peyton Rous
United States pathologist who discovered viruses that cause tumors (1879-1970) - Rousseau, Jean-Jacques Rousseau
French philosopher and writer born in Switzerland - Rousseau, Henri Rousseau, Le Douanier Rousseau
French primitive painter (1844-1910) - Rubens, Peter Paul Rubens, Sir Peter Paul Rubens
prolific Flemish baroque painter - Rubinstein, Anton Rubenstein, Anton Gregor Rubinstein, Anton Grigorevich Rubinstein
Russian composer and pianist (1829-1894) - Rubinstein, Arthur Rubinstein, Artur Rubinstein
United States pianist (born in Poland) known for his interpretations of the music of Chopin (1886-1982) - Rundstedt, von Rundstedt, Karl Rudolf Gerd von Rundstedt
German field marshal in World War II who directed the conquest of Poland and led the Ardennes counteroffensive (1875-1953) - Runyon, Damon Runyon, Alfred Damon Runyon
United States writer of humorous stylized stories about Broadway and the New York underground (1884-1946) - Rupert, Prince Rupert
English leader (born in Germany) of the Royalist forces during the English Civil War (1619-1682) - Rush, Benjamin Rush
physician and American Revolutionary leader - Rushdie, Salman Rushdie, Ahmed Salman Rushdie
British writer of novels who was born in India - Ruskin, John Ruskin
British art critic (1819-1900) - Russell, Bertrand Russell, Bertrand Arthur William Russell, Earl Russell
English philosopher and mathematician who collaborated with Whitehead (1872-1970) - Russell, George William Russell, A.E.
Irish writer whose pen name was A.E. (1867-1935) - Russell, Henry Russell, Henry Norris Russell
United States astronomer who developed a theory of stellar evolution (1877-1957) - Russell, Lillian Russell
United States entertainer remembered for her roles in comic operas (1861-1922) - Russell, Bill Russell, William Felton Russell
United States basketball center (born in 1934) - Russell, Ken Russell, Henry Kenneth Alfred Russell
English film director (born in 1927) - Russell, Charles Taze Russell
United States religious leader who founded the sect that is now called Jehovah's Witnesses (1852-1916) - Ruth
the great-grandmother of king David whose story is told in the Book of Ruth in the Old Testament - Ruth, Babe Ruth, George Herman Ruth, Sultan of Swat
United States professional baseball player famous for hitting home runs (1895-1948) - Rutherford, Ernest Rutherford, First Baron Rutherford, First Baron Rutherford of Nelson
British physicist (born in New Zealand) who discovered the atomic nucleus and proposed a nuclear model of the atom (1871-1937) - Rutherford, Daniel Rutherford
British chemist who isolated nitrogen (1749-1819) - Rutledge, John Rutledge
United States jurist and second chief justice of the United States Supreme Court - Saarinen, Eero Saarinen
United States architect (born in Finland) (1910-1961) - Saarinen, Eliel Saarinen
Finnish architect and city planner who moved to the United States in 1923 - Sabin, Albert Sabin, Albert Bruce Sabin
United States microbiologist (born in Poland) who developed the Sabin vaccine that is taken orally against poliomyelitis (born 1906) - Sacagawea, Sacajawea
the Shoshone guide and interpreter who guided the Lewis and Clark expedition part of the way - Sacco, Nicola Sacco
United States anarchist (born in Italy) who with Bartolomeo Vanzetti was convicted of murder and in spite of world-wide protest was executed (1891-1927) - Sadat, Anwar Sadat, Anwar el-Sadat
Egyptian statesman who (as president of Egypt) negotiated a peace treaty with Menachem Begin (then prime minister of Israel) (1918-1981) - Sade, de Sade, Comte Donatien Alphonse Francois de Sade, Marquis de Sade
French soldier and writer whose descriptions of sexual perversion gave rise to the term `sadism' (1740-1814) - Saint-Saens, Charles Camille Saint-Saens
French pianist and composer (1835-1921) - Sakharov, Andrei Sakharov, Andrei Dimitrievich Sakharov
Soviet physicist and dissident - Saladin, Salah-ad-Din Yusuf ibn-Ayyub
sultan of Syria and Egypt - Salinger, J. D. Salinger, Jerome David Salinger
United States writer (born 1919) - Salk, Jonas Salk, Jonas Edward Salk
United States virologist who developed the Salk vaccine that is injected against poliomyelitis (born 1914) - Salome
woman whose dancing beguiled Herod into giving her the head of John the Baptist - Salomon, Haym Salomon
American financier and American Revolutionary War patriot who helped fund the army during the American Revolution (1740?-1785) - Samson
(Old Testament) a judge of Israel who performed herculean feats of strength against the Philistines until he was betrayed to them by his mistress Delilah - Samuel
(Old Testament) Hebrew prophet and judge who anointed Saul as king - Sand, George Sand, Amandine Aurore Lucie Dupin, Baroness Dudevant
French writer known for works concerning women's rights and independence (1804-1876) - Sandburg, Carl Sandburg
United States writer remembered for his poetry in free verse and his six volume biography of Abraham Lincoln (1878-1967) - Sanger, Margaret Sanger, Margaret Higgins Sanger
United States nurse who campaigned for birth control and planned parenthood - Sanger, Frederick Sanger, Fred Sanger
English biochemist who determined the sequence of amino acids in insulin and who invented a technique to determine the genetic sequence of an organism (born in 1918) - Santa Ana, Santa Anna, Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna, Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana
Mexican general who tried to crush the Texas revolt and who lost battles to Winfield Scott and Zachary Taylor in the Mexican War (1795-1876) - Sapir, Edward Sapir
anthropologist and linguist - Sappho
the Greek lyric poet of Lesbos - Sarah
(Old Testament) the wife of Abraham and mother of Isaac - Sarazen, Gene Sarazen
United States golfer who was first to win all four major golf tournaments (1902-1999) - Sargent, John Singer Sargent
United States painter (born in Italy) known for his society portraits (1856-1925) - Sarnoff, David Sarnoff
United States businessman who pioneered in radio and television broadcasting (1891-1971) - Saroyan, William Saroyan
United States writer of plays and short stories (1908-1981) - Sartre, Jean-Paul Sartre
French writer and existentialist philosopher (1905-1980) - Satie, Erik Satie, Erik Alfred Leslie Satie
French composer noted for his experimentalism and rejection of Romanticism (1866-1925) - Saul
(Old Testament) the first king of the Israelites who defended Israel against many enemies (especially the Philistines) - Savonarola, Girolamo Savonarola
Italian religious and political reformer - Sax, Adolphe Sax
a Belgian maker of musical instruments who invented the saxophone (1814-1894) - Saxe, Hermann Maurice Saxe, comte de Saxe, Marshal Saxe
a French marshal who distinguished himself in the War of the Austrian Succession (1696-1750) - Saxo Grammaticus
Danish historian who chronicled the history of Denmark (including the legend of Hamlet) (1150?-1220?) - Sayers, Dorothy Sayers, Dorothy L. Sayers, Dorothy Leigh Sayers
English writer of detective fiction (1893-1957) - Scheele, Karl Scheele, Karl Wilhelm Scheele
Swedish chemist (born in Germany) who discovered oxygen before Priestley did (1742-1786) - Schiaparelli, Elsa Schiaparelli
fashion designer born in Italy who was noted for her use of synthetic materials and brilliant colors (1896-1973) - Schiaparelli, Giovanni Virginio Schiaparelli
Italian astronomer who first noted lines (which he called canals) on the surface of Mars (1835-1910) - Schiller, Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller
German romantic writer (1759-1805) - Schleiden, Matthias Schleiden, M. J. Schleiden
German physiologist and histologist who in 1838 formulated the cell theory (1804-1881) - Schlesinger, Arthur Schlesinger, Arthur Meier Schlesinger
United States historian (1888-1965) - Schlesinger, Arthur Schlesinger, Arthur Schlesinger Jr., Arthur Meier Schlesinger Jr.
United States historian and advisor to President Kennedy (born in 1917) - Schliemann, Heinrich Schliemann
German archaeologist who discovered nine superimposed city sites of Troy - Schmidt, Helmut Schmidt, Helmut Heinrich Waldemar Schmidt
German statesman who served as chancellor of Germany (born in 1918) - Schnabel, Artur Schnabel
United States composer (born in Austria) and pianist noted for his interpretations of the works of Mozart and Beethoven and Schubert (1882-1951) - Schonbein, Christian Schonbein, Christian Friedrich Schonbein
German chemist who discovered ozone and developed guncotton as a propellant in firearms (1799-1868) - Schonberg, Arnold Schonberg, Schoenberg, Arnold Schoenberg
United States composer and musical theorist (born in Austria) who developed atonal composition (1874-1951) - Schoolcraft, Henry Rowe Schoolcraft
United States geologist and ethnologist and explorer who discovered the source of the Mississippi River (1793-1864) - Schopenhauer, Arthur Schopenhauer
German pessimist philosopher (1788-1860) - Schrodinger, Erwin Schrodinger
Austrian physicist who discovered the wave equation (1887-1961) - Schubert, Franz Schubert, Franz Peter Schubert, Franz Seraph Peter Schubert
Austrian composer known for his compositions for voice and piano (1797-1828) - Schulz, Charles Schulz, Charles M. Schulz, Charles Munroe Schulz
United States cartoonist whose comic strip included the beagle Snoopy (1922-2000) - Schumann, Robert Schumann, Robert Alexander Schumann
German romantic composer known for piano music and songs (1810-1856) - Schumann, Clara Josephine Schumann
German pianist and composer of piano music - Schumann-Heink, Ernestine Schumann-Heink
United States operatic contralto (1861-1936) - Schumpeter, Joseph Schumpeter, Joseph Alois Schumpeter
United States economist (born in Czechoslovakia) (1883-1950) - Schwann, Theodor Schwann
German physiologist and histologist who in 1838 and 1839 identified the cell as the basic structure of plant and animal tissue (1810-1882) - Schweitzer, Albert Schweitzer
French philosopher and physician and organist who spent most of his life as a medical missionary in Gabon (1875-1965) - Scipio, Scipio Africanus, Scipio Africanus Major, Publius Cornelius Scipio, Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus Major, Scipio the Elder
Roman general who commanded the invasion of Carthage in the second Punic War and defeated Hannibal at Zama (circa 237-183 BC) - Scopes, John Scopes, John Thomas Scopes
Tennessee highschool teacher who violated a state law by teaching evolution - Scorsese, Martin Scorsese
United States filmmaker (born in 1942) - Scott, Dred Scott
United States slave who sued for liberty after living in a non-slave state - Scott, Walter Scott, Sir Walter Scott
British author of historical novels and ballads (1771-1832) - Scott, Winfield Scott
United States general who was a hero of the War of 1812 and who defeated Santa Anna in the Mexican War (1786-1866) - Scott, Robert Scott, Robert Falcon Scott
English explorer who reached the South Pole just a month after Amundsen - Scott, George C. Scott
award-winning United States film actor (1928-1999) - Scriabin, Aleksandr Scriabin, Aleksandr Nikolayevich Scriabin
Russian composer of orchestral and piano music (1872-1915) - Scribe, Augustin Eugene Scribe
French playwright (1791-1861) - Scripps, James Edmund Scripps
United States newspaper publisher and half-brother of Edward Wyllis Scripps (1835-1908) - Scripps, Edward Wyllis Scripps
United States newspaper publisher who founded an important press association - Seaborg, Glenn T. Seaborg, Glenn Theodore Seaborg
United States chemist who was one of the discoverers of plutonium (1912-1999) - Seaman, Elizabeth Seaman, Elizabeth Cochrane Seaman, Nellie Bly
muckraking United States journalist who exposed bad conditions in mental institutions (1867-1922) - Seeger, Alan Seeger
United States poet killed in World War I (1888-1916) - Seeger, Pete Seeger, Peter Seeger
United States folk singer who was largely responsible for the interest in folk music in the 1960s (born in 1919) - Segal, George Segal
United States sculptor (born in 1924) - Segovia, Andres Segovia
Spanish guitarist who made classical guitar a concert instrument (1893-1987) - Seles, Monica Seles
United States tennis player (born in Yugoslavia in 1973) - Seleucus, Seleucus I, Seleucus I Nicator
Macedonian general who accompanied Alexander the Great into Asia - Selkirk, Selcraig, Alexander Selkirk, Alexander Selcraig
Scottish sailor who was put ashore on a deserted island off the coast of Chile for five years (providing the basis for Daniel Defoe's novel about Robinson Crusoe) (1676-1721) - Sellers, Peter Sellers
English comic actor (1925-1980) - Selznick, David O. Selznick, David Oliver Selznick
United States filmmaker noted for his film adaptations of popular novels (1902-1965) - Seneca, Lucius Annaeus Seneca
Roman statesman and philosopher who was an advisor to Nero - Senefelder, Alois Senefelder, Aloys Senefelder
German printer who invented lithography (1771-1834) - Sennacherib
king of Assyria who invaded Judea twice and defeated Babylon and rebuilt Nineveh after it had been destroyed by Babylonians (died in 681 BC) - Sennett, Mack Sennett
United States filmmaker (born in Canada) noted for slapstick movies (1880-1960) - Sequoya, Sequoyah, George Guess
Cherokee who created a notation for writing the Cherokee language (1770-1843) - Serkin, Rudolf Serkin
United States concert pianist (born in Czechoslovakia) (1903-1991) - Serra, Junipero Serra, Miguel Jose Serra
Spanish missionary who founded Franciscan missions in California (1713-1784) - Service, Robert William Service
Canadian writer (born in England) who wrote about life in the Yukon Territory (1874-1958) - Sessions, Roger Sessions, Roger Huntington Sessions
United States composer who promoted 20th century music (1896-1985) - Seton, Elizabeth Seton, Saint Elizabeth Ann Bayley Seton, Mother Seton
United States religious leader who was the first person born in the United States to be canonized (1774-1821) - Seurat, Georges Seurat, Georges Pierre Seurat
French painter who developed pointillism (1859-1891) - Seward, William Henry Seward
United States politician who as Secretary of State in 1867 arranged for the purchase of Alaska from Russia (known at the time as Seward's Folly) (1801-1872) - Sexton, Anne Sexton
United States poet (1928-1974) - Seymour, Jane Seymour
Queen of England as the third wife of Henry VIII and mother of Edward VI (1509-1537) - Shah Jahan
Mogul emperor of India during whose reign the finest monuments of Mogul architecture were built (including the Taj Mahal at Agra) (1592-1666) - Shahn, Ben Shahn, Benjamin Shahn
United States artist whose work reflected social and political themes (1898-1969) - Shakespeare, William Shakespeare, Shakspere, William Shakspere, Bard of Avon
English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616) - Shankar, Ravi Shankar
Indian sitar player who popularized classical Indian music in the West (born in 1920) - Shannon, Claude Shannon, Claude E. Shannon, Claude Elwood Shannon
United States electrical engineer who pioneered mathematical communication theory (1916-2001) - Shapley, Harlow Shapley
United States astronomer (1885-1972) - Shaw, G. B. Shaw, George Bernard Shaw
British playwright (born in Ireland) - Shaw, Anna Howard Shaw
United States physician and suffragist (1847-1919) - Shaw, Henry Wheeler Shaw, Josh Billings
United States humorist who wrote about rural life (1818-1885) - Shaw, Artie Shaw, Arthur Jacob Arshawsky
United States clarinetist and leader of a swing band (1910-2004) - Shawn, Ted Shawn
United States dancer and choreographer who collaborated with Ruth Saint Denis (1891-1972) - Shearer, Moira Shearer
Scottish ballet dancer and actress (born in 1926) - Shelley, Percy Bysshe Shelley
Englishman and romantic poet (1792-1822) - Shelley, Mary Shelley, Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, Mary Godwin Wollstonecraft Shelley
English writer who created Frankenstein's monster and married Percy Bysshe Shelley (1797-1851) - Shepard, Alan Shepard, Alan Bartlett Shepard Jr.
astronaut who made the first United States' suborbital rocket-powered flight in 1961 (1923-1998) - Shepard, Sam Shepard
United States author of surrealistic allegorical plays (born in 1943) - Sheridan, Richard Brinsley Sheridan
Irish playwright remembered for his satirical comedies of manners (1751-1816) - Sherman, Roger Sherman
American Revolutionary leader and signer of the Declaration of Independence and the Articles of Confederation and the United States Constitution (1721-1793) - Sherman, William Tecumseh Sherman
United States general who was commander of all Union troops in the West - Sherrington, Sir Charles Scott Sherrington
English physiologist who conducted research on reflex action (1857-1952) - Sherwood, Robert Emmet Sherwood
United States playwright (1896-1955) - Shevchenko, Taras Grigoryevich Shevchenko
Ukranian poet (1814-1861) - Shirer, William Lawrence Shirer
United States broadcast journalist who was in Berlin at the outbreak of World War II (1904-1993) - Shockley, William Shockley, William Bradford Shockley
United States physicist (born in England) who contributed to the development of the electronic transistor (1910-1989) - Shostakovich, Dmitri Shostakovich, Dmitri Dmitrievich Shostakovich
Russian composer best known for his fifteen symphonies (1906-1975) - Shute, Nevil Shute, Nevil Shute Norway
English writer who settled in Norway after World War II (1899-1960) - Sibelius, Jean Sibelius, Johan Julius Christian Sibelius
Finnish composer (1865-1957) - Siddons, Sarah Siddons, Sarah Kemble Siddons
English actress noted for her performances in Shakespearean roles (1755-1831) - Sidney, Sir Philip Sidney
English poet (1554-1586) - Siemens, Ernst Werner von Siemens
German electrical engineer (1816-1892) - Siemens, Karl Wilhelm Siemens, Sir Charles William Siemens
engineer who was a brother of Ernst Werner von Siemens and who moved to England (1823-1883) - Sikorsky, Igor Sikorsky, Igor Ivanovich Sikorsky
United States industrialist (born in Russia) who designed the first four-engine airplane and the first mass-produced helicopter (1889-1972) - Sills, Beverly Sills, Belle Miriam Silverman
United States operatic soprano (born in 1929) - Silverstein, Shel Silverstein, Shelby Silverstein
United States poet and cartoonist remembered for his stories and poems for children (1932-1999) - Simenon, Georges Simenon, Georges Joseph Christian Simenon
French writer (born in Belgium) best known for his detective novels featuring Inspector Maigret (1903-1989) - Simon, Herb Simon, Herbert A. Simon, Herbert Alexander Simon
United States economist and psychologist who pioneered in the development of cognitive science (1916-2001) - Simon, Neil Simon, Marvin Neil Simon
United States playwright noted for light comedies (born in 1927) - Simon, Paul Simon
United States singer and songwriter (born in 1942) - Simon, St. Simon, Simon Zelotes, Simon the Zealot, Simon the Canaanite
one of the twelve Apostles (first century) - Simpson, Sir James Young Simpson
Scottish obstetrician and surgeon who pioneered in the use of ether and discovered the anesthetic effects of chloroform (1811-1870) - Simpson, Mrs. Simpson, Wallis Warfield Simpson, Wallis Warfield Windsor, Duchess of Windsor
United States divorcee whose marriage to Edward VIII created a constitutional crisis leading to his abdication - Sinatra, Frank Sinatra, Francis Albert Sinatra
United States singer and film actor (1915-1998) - Sinclair, Clive Sinclair, Sir Clive Marles Sinclair
English electrical engineer who founded a company that introduced many innovative products (born in 1940) - Sinclair, Upton Sinclair, Upton Beall Sinclair
United States writer whose novels argued for social reform (1878-1968) - Singer, Isaac Bashevis Singer
United States writer (born in Poland) of Yiddish stories and novels (1904-1991) - Singer, Isaac M. Singer, Isaac Merrit Singer
United States inventor of an improved chain-stitch sewing machine (1811-1875)