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• Samaria
  an ancient city in central Palestine founded in the 9th century BC as the capital of the northern Hebrew kingdom of Israel
• Philistia
  an ancient region on the coast of southwestern Palestine that was strategically located on a trade route between Syria and Egypt
• Roman Republic
  the ancient Roman state from 509 BC until Augustus assumed power in 27 BC
• Roman Empire
  an empire established by Augustus in 27 BC and divided in AD 395 into the Western Roman Empire and the eastern or Byzantine Empire
• Byzantine Empire, Byzantium, Eastern Roman Empire
  a continuation of the Roman Empire in the Middle East after its division in 395
• Western Roman Empire, Western Empire
  the western part after the Roman Empire was divided in 395
• Byzantium
  an ancient city on the Bosporus founded by the Greeks
• Italian Peninsula
  a boot-shaped peninsula in southern Europe extending into the Mediterranean Sea
• Ticino, Tessin
  an Italian-speaking region of southern Switzerland
• Italy, Italian Republic, Italia
  a republic in southern Europe on the Italian Peninsula
• Pompeii
  ancient city to the southeast of Naples that was buried by a volcanic eruption from Vesuvius
• Herculaneum
  ancient city
• Abruzzi, Abruzzi e Molise
  a mountainous region of central Italy on the Adriatic
• Aquila, L'Aquila, Aquila degli Abruzzi
  the provincial capital of the Abruzzi region in central Italy
• Basilicata, Lucania
  a region of southern Italy (forming the instep of the Italian `boot')
• Bolzano
  an Italian city in Trentino-Alto Adige near the Austrian border
• Brescia
  an ancient Italian city in central Lombardy
• Calabria
  a region of southern Italy (forming the toe of the Italian `boot')
• Campania
  a region of southwestern Italy on the Tyrrhenian Sea including the islands of Capri and Ischia
• Ferrara
  a city in northern Italy
• Naples, Napoli
  a port and tourist center in southwestern Italy
• Messina
  a port city in northeastern Sicily on the Strait of Messina
• Capri
  an island (part of Campania) in the Bay of Naples in southern Italy
• Ischia
  a volcanic island (part of Campania) in the Tyrrhenian Sea at the north end of the Bay of Naples
• Emilia-Romagna
  a region of north central Italy on the Adriatic
• Bologna
  the capital of Emilia-Romagna
• Friuli-Venezia Giulia
  a region in northeastern Italy
• Latium, Lazio
  an ancient region of west central Italy (southeast of Rome) on the Tyrrhenian Sea
• Rome, Roma, Eternal City, Italian capital, capital of Italy
  capital and largest city of Italy
• Lateran
  the site in Rome containing the church of Rome and the Lateran Palace
• Anzio
  a town of central Italy on the Tyrrhenian Sea
• Brindisi
  a port city in southeastern Apulia in Italy
• Tivoli, Tibur
  a town twenty miles to the east of Rome (Tibur is the ancient name)
• Liguria
  region of northwestern Italy on the Ligurian Sea
• Genoa, Genova
  a seaport in northwestern Italy
• Lombardy, Lombardia
  a region of north central Italy bordering Switzerland
• Cremona
  a city in Lombardy on the Po River
• La Spezia
  a port city in Liguria on an arm of the Ligurian Sea
• Milan, Milano
  the capital of Lombardy in northern Italy
• Marche, Marches
  a region in central Italy
• Molise
  a region of south central Italy
• Papal States
  the temporal dominions belonging to the pope (especially in central Italy)
• Piedmont, Piemonte
  the region of northwestern Italy
• Pisa
  a city in Tuscany
• Syracuse, Siracusa
  a city in southeastern Sicily that was founded by Corinthians in the 8th century BC
• Turin, Torino
  capital city of the Piemonte region of northwestern Italy
• Puglia, Apulia
  a region in southeastern Italy on the Adriatic
• Bari
  capital city of the Apulia region on the Adriatic coast
• Sardinia, Sardegna
  an island in the Mediterranean to the west of Italy
• Sardinia, Sardegna
  the Italian region on the island of Sardinia
• Sicily, Sicilia
  the largest island in the Mediterranean
• Sicily, Sicilia
  the Italian region on the island of Sicily
• Palermo
  the capital of Sicily
• Cape Passero, Passero Cape
  a cape that forms the southeastern corner of the island of Sicily
• Agrigento, Acragas
  a town in Italy in southwestern Sicily near the coast
• Tuscany, Toscana
  a region in central Italy
• Firenze, Florence
  a city in central Italy on the Arno
• Trentino-Alto Adige
  a region of northeastern Italy bordering Austria
• Trento, Trent
  a city in northern Italy (northwest of Venice) on the River Adige
• Umbria
  a mountainous region in central Italy
• Valle D'Aosta
  a region in northwestern Italy
• Veneto, Venezia-Euganea, Venetia
  a region of northeastern Italy on the Adriatic
• Padua, Padova, Patavium
  a city in Veneto
• Venice, Venezia
  the provincial capital of Veneto
• Grand Canal
  the major waterway in Venice, Italy
• Verona
  a city in Veneto on the River Adige
• Etruria
  an ancient country in central Italy
• Romania, Roumania, Rumania
  a republic in southeastern Europe with a short coastline on the Black Sea
• Brasov
  a city in central Romania in the foothills of the Transylvanian Alps
• Bucharest, Bucharesti, Bucuresti, capital of Romania
  national capital and largest city of Romania in southeastern Romania
• Constantina
  a Romanian resort city on the Black Sea
• Transylvania
  a historical plateau region in northwestern Romania that is separated from the rest of the country by the Transylvanian Alps
• Rwanda, Rwandese Republic, Ruanda
  a landlocked republic in central Africa
• Kigali, capital of Rwanda
  the national capital and largest city of Rwanda
• Yugoslavia
  a former country of southeastern Europe bordering the Adriatic Sea
• Croatia, Republic of Croatia, Hrvatska
  a republic in the western Balkans in south-central Europe in the eastern Adriatic coastal area
• Yugoslavia, Serbia and Montenegro, Union of Serbia and Montenegro, Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Jugoslavija
  a mountainous republic in southeastern Europe bordering on the Adriatic Sea
• Kosovo
  a Serbian province in southern Serbia and Montenegro populated predominantly by Albanians
• Serbia, Srbija
  a historical region in central and northern Yugoslavia
• Montenegro, Crna Gora
  a former country bordering on the Adriatic Sea
• Belgrade, Beograd, capital of Serbia and Montenegro
  capital and largest city of Serbia and Montenegro
• Bosnia and Herzegovina, Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosna i Hercegovina, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bosnia
  a mountainous republic of south-central Europe
• Bosnia
  the northern part of Bosnia-Herzegovina
• Sarajevo
  capital and largest city of Bosnia
• Slovenia, Republic of Slovenia, Slovenija
  a mountainous republic in central Europe
• Ljubljana
  the capital of Slovenia
• Dubrovnik, Ragusa
  a port city in southwestern Croatia on the Adriatic
• Split
  an old Croatian city on the Adriatic Sea
• Zagreb
  the capital of Croatia
• Dalmatia
  a historical region of Croatia on the Adriatic Sea
• Greenland, Gronland, Kalaallit Nunaat
  the largest island in the world
• Baffin Island
  the 5th largest island and the largest island of Arctic Canada
• Labrador
  the mainland part of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador in the eastern part of the large Labrador-Ungava Peninsula in northeastern Canada
• Canada
  a nation in northern North America
• Acadia
  the French-speaking part of the Canadian Maritime Provinces
• Laurentian Plateau, Laurentian Highlands, Canadian Shield
  a large plateau that occupies more than 40% of the land area of Canada
• Maritime Provinces, Maritimes, Canadian Maritime Provinces
  the collective name for the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island
• Alberta
  one of the three prairie provinces in western Canada
• Banff
  a popular vacation spot in the Canadian Rockies
• Calgary
  the largest city in southern Alberta
• Edmonton
  the capital of the province of Alberta
• British Columbia
  a province in western Canada
• Nanaimo
  a town in southwestern British Columbia on Vancouver Island to the west of Vancouver
• Victoria
  capital of the Canadian province of British Columbia on Vancouver Island
• Vancouver
  a port city in southwestern British Columbia on an arm of the Pacific Ocean opposite Vancouver Island
• Vancouver Island
  an island off southwestern Canada (off the southwestern coast of British Columbia)
• Manitoba
  one of the three prairie provinces in central Canada
• Winnipeg
  the capital and largest city of Manitoba
• Churchill
  a Canadian town in northern Manitoba on Hudson Bay
• New Brunswick
  a province in southeastern Canada
• Fredericton
  the provincial capital of New Brunswick
• Saint John, St. John
  a port in eastern Canada
• Newfoundland and Labrador
  a Canadian province on the island of Newfoundland and on the mainland along the coast of the Labrador Sea
• Newfoundland
  an island in the north Atlantic
• St. John's, Saint John's
  a port and provincial capital of Newfoundland
• Northwest Territories
  a large territory in northwestern Canada
• Nunavut
  an Arctic territory in northern Canada created in 1999 and governed solely by the Inuit
• Arctic Archipelago
  all the islands that lie to the north of mainland Canada and the Arctic Circle
• Yellowknife
  a town in the Northwest Territories in northern Canada on the Great Slave Lake
• Nova Scotia
  the Canadian province in the Maritimes consisting of the Nova Scotia peninsula and Cape Breton Island
• Cape Breton Island
  an island that forms the northeastern part of Nova Scotia
• Nova Scotia
  a peninsula in eastern Canada between the Bay of Fundy and the Saint Lawrence River
• Halifax
  provincial capital and largest city of Nova Scotia
• Ontario
  a prosperous and industrialized province in central Canada
• Ottawa, Canadian capital, capital of Canada
  the capital of Canada (located in southeastern Ontario across the Ottawa river from Quebec)
• Hamilton
  a port city in southeastern Ontario at the western end of Lake Ontario
• Kingston
  a town in southeast Ontario on Lake Ontario near the head of the Saint Lawrence River
• Sault Sainte Marie
  a town of southern Ontario opposite northern Michigan
• Sudbury
  a city in south central Canada in Ontario
• Thunder Bay
  a port city in Ontario on Lake Superior
• Toronto
  the provincial capital and largest city in Ontario (and the largest city in Canada)
• Windsor
  a city in southeastern Ontario on the Detroit River opposite Detroit
• Prince Edward Island
  an island in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence
• Charlottetown
  the provincial capital and largest city of Prince Edward Island
• Quebec
  the largest province of Canada
• Quebec, Quebec City
  the French-speaking capital of the province of Quebec
• Montreal
  a city in southern Quebec province on the Saint Lawrence River
• Saskatchewan
  one of the three prairie provinces in west central Canada
• Regina
  the provincial capital of Saskatchewan
• Saskatoon
  a city in central Saskatchewan
• Dawson
  a town in northwestern Canada in the Yukon on the Yukon River
• Yukon, Yukon Territory
  a territory in northwestern Canada
• Klondike
  a region in northwestern Canada where gold was discovered in 1896 but exhausted by 1910
• Whitehorse
  the provincial capital of the Yukon Territory
• Australia, Commonwealth of Australia
  a nation occupying the whole of the Australian continent
• Canberra, Australian capital, capital of Australia
  the capital of Australia
• Queensland
  a state in northeastern Australia
• Brisbane
  capital and largest city of Queensland state
• New South Wales
  an Australian state in southeastern Australia
• Sydney
  the largest Australian city located in southeastern Australia on the Tasman Sea
• Wagga Wagga
  a town on the Murrumbidgee River in New South Wales
• Victoria
  a state in southeastern Australia
• Melbourne
  the capital of Victoria state and 2nd largest Australian city
• Tasmania
  an island off the southeastern coast of Australia
• Tasmania
  an Australian state on the island of Tasmania
• Hobart
  a port and state capital of Tasmania
• South Australia
  a state in south central Australia
• Adelaide
  the state capital of South Australia
• Western Australia
  a state containing the western third of Australia
• Perth
  the state capital of Western Australia
• Northern Territory
  a territory in north central Australia
• Darwin
  provincial capital of the Northern Territory of Australia
• Norfolk Island
  an island territory of Australia in the Pacific Ocean off the eastern coast of Australia
• Nullarbor Plain
  a vast arid plain of southern Australia stretching inland from the Great Australian Bight
• Aleutian Islands, Aleutians
  an archipelago in the North Pacific extending southwest from Alaska
• Oceania, Oceanica
  a large group of islands in the south Pacific including Melanesia and Micronesia and Polynesia (and sometimes Australasia and the Malay Archipelago)
• Australasia
  Australia, New Zealand, and neighboring islands in the South Pacific
• Austronesia
  islands of central and South Pacific (Indonesia and Melanesia and Micronesia and Polynesia)
• Melanesia
  the islands in the southwestern part of Oceania
• Micronesia
  the islands in the northwestern part of Oceania
• Micronesia, Federated States of Micronesia, TT
  a country scattered over Micronesia with a constitutional government in free association with the United States
• Kolonia
  capital of Micronesia
• Mariana Islands, Marianas, Ladrone Islands
  a chain of coral and volcanic islands in Micronesia (including Guam and the Northern Marianas) halfway between New Guinea and Japan
• Northern Marianas, Northern Mariana Islands
  a self-governing territory comprising all of the Mariana Islands except Guam
• Saipan
  the largest island in the Northern Marianas and the administrative center of the commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands in union with the United States
• Guam, GU
  the largest and southernmost island in the Marianas which is administered as a territory of the United States
• Wake Island, Wake
  an island in the western Pacific between Guam and Hawaii
• Caroline Islands
  a long archipelago of more than 500 islands in Micronesia to the east of the Philippines
• Marshall Islands
  a group of coral islands in eastern Micronesia
• Marshall Islands, Republic of the Marshall Islands
  a republic (under United States protection) on the Marshall Islands
• Bikini
  an atoll in the Marshall Islands
• Eniwetok
  an atoll in the Marshall Islands
• Kwajalein
  an atoll in the western Marshall Islands that was used as a Japanese air and naval base during World War II
• Gilbert Islands
  a group of islands in Micronesia to the southwest of Hawaii
• Tuvalu, Ellice Islands
  a group of coral islands in Micronesia to the southwest of Hawaii
• Tuvalu
  a small island republic on the Tuvalu islands
• Funafuti
  capital of Tuvalu
• Kiribati, Republic of Kiribati
  an island republic in the west central Pacific just to the south of the equator
• Tarawa, Bairiki
  national capital of Kiribati
• Gilbert and Ellice Islands
  a former British possession in Micronesia
• Nauru, Nauru Island, Pleasant Island
  a small island in the central Pacific Ocean 2,800 miles to the southwest of Hawaii
• Nauru, Republic of Nauru
  an island republic on Nauru Island
• Polynesia
  the islands in the eastern part of Oceania
• Malay Archipelago, East Indies, East India
  a group of islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans between Asia and Australia
• Sunda Islands
  a chain of islands in the western Malay Archipelago
• Greater Sunda Islands
  a chain of islands including Borneo and Celebes and Java and Sumatra
• Lesser Sunda Islands, Nusa Tenggara
  a chain of islands forming a province of Indonesia to the east of Java
• Bismarck Archipelago
  a group of islands in the southwestern Pacific to the northeast of New Guinea
• Admiralty Islands
  a group of islands in the Bismarck Archipelago
• Borneo, Kalimantan
  3rd largest island in the world